Saving the terrapins - DNR, residents fight to preserve diamondbacks

By SCOTT BURKE Staff Writer


While the shortage of blue crabs is getting all the attention these days, turtles have slowly of course become the subject of concern.

The Department of Natural Resources fears that the population of northern diamondbacks is dwindling.

The DNR has no specific numbers on how many terrapins are swimming in Maryland waters but one employee is trying to find out.

"There is evidence that their population is declining," said Marguerite Whilden, a turtle expert for DNR.

For the past two years, Ms. Whilden has been studying diamondbacks their habitats, mating habits and everyday life.

She's only just begun counting and tagging them.

The terrapin, like the blue crab, is part of the fabric of Maryland. At the turn of the century, it was the most hunted fishery in the Chesapeake Bay. Terrapin soup was a delicacy among settlers and became a signature Maryland dish.

Terrapins are the state reptile and the University of Maryland's mascot.

But finding and counting them isn't as easy as one might think.

"A lot is just not known about these animals," she said.

What is known is that diamondbacks live and breed in unpolluted salt marshes and tidal tributaries. A large terrapin presence, thus reflects the health of a wetland system.

The turtles can live as long as 50 years, but only one to three percent of diamondback eggs hatch, and the survival rate for the hatchlings in the wild is just as low.

As more and more waterfront property is being developed from sand into homes orbusinesses, diamondbacks have less area to come ashore and lay their eggs.

Terrapins have gotten stuck in revetments, tightly packed stones placed by the homeowners to protect their shorelines from erosion.

Ms. Whilden said she even knows of cases in which turtles have laid their eggs in gravel driveways.

In the past, turtles were often caught and drowned in crab traps, but a state law implemented last spring requires the use of a rectangular wire placed on the entrance funnels of crab pots. The hole is big enough for crabs, but not turtles.

Armed with that information, Ms. Whilden is trying to educate waterfront homeowners about the necessity of protecting terrapins.

She wants homeowners to watch over them, much like bird lovers do when they put up feeders.

One such turtle lover is Marianne Guerra, who lives with her husband, Marvin, in the Summerwind community on Kent Island off the shores of Cox Creek.

Mrs. Guerra, who has turned her screened-in patio into a turtle sanctuary, has found several baby turtles, which can be as small as a thumbnail, stuck in her pool skimmer.

"At first I put them back, but then I realized they were very vulnerable, so I raised them," she said.

Mrs. Guerra usually keeps a young turtle in an aquarium or a large tub filled with water and rocks until it's 2 years old, and then she releases it back into the water.

She collaborated with Ms. Whilden a few weeks ago when they released a 5-pound, 15- to 20-year old diamondback that Mrs. Guerra's neighbors had found trapped between two rocks.

The turtle, in an attempt to free herself, had scraped off her claws along with the tips of two of her feet. Ms. Whilden said the turtle, who was pregnant, probably crawled on shore to lay her eggs, but a storm washed her into the rocks.

The neighbors contacted Mrs. Guerra, who then called Ms. Whilden.

Ms. Whilden took the turtle back to DNR headquarters in Annapolis where she nursed it back to health. However, the tips of the turtle's scraped feet will never grow back.

Soon, she'll have her own digs devoted to turtle research.

The Naval Academy has donated a facility on Greenbury Point, and as soon as DNR can locate funding, it can renovate the place to serve Ms. Whilden's needs.

Ms. Whilden also maintains a Web site on her work, at www.dnr.state.md.us/terrapin.


Published 09/09/00, Copyright © 2005 The Capital, Annapolis, Md.